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English Publishing & Open Access Persisitent Identifiers

Persistent Identifiers

A persistent identifier (PID) is a globally unique identifier for digital objects such as images, documents, or websites. A PID does not change and always refers to the same digital object, even if the URL of that object changes. Thereby, PIDs ensure that digital objects remain findable and identifiable.

The Hochschule München University of Applied Sciences uses the following PIDs:

Uniform Resource Names (URN) are used to identify digital documents. The Hochschule München Library assigns URNs to theses, papers and other „grey literature“ forms in its institutional repository.

If you have questions regarding URNs, please contact the editorial team of the HM institutional repository .

Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) are internationally recognized persistent identifiers used to represent all kinds of resources digitally. A DOI is not only assigned to literature but also to non-digital objects, such as lab equipment. Several consortia assign and maintain DOIs. As of January 2024, the Hochschule München can generate and assign its own DOIs.

At the HM, DOIs are primarily created for dissertations, research data, and other sources not subject to citation restrictions.

If you would like to assign a DOI please contact our DOI support team or the editorial team of the HM institutional repository .

Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) is a not-for-profit organization by researchers for researchers. Registering with ORCID allows every researcher at the Hochschule München to assign their personal ID to their scientific achievements: articles, research projects, grants and more.

For a detailed instruction on how to use your ORCID account and how to sign up for our ORCID workshops, please visit the HM Wiki page (login required).

International Standard Book Numbers (ISBNs) are an internationally recognized identifier for books of all kinds. Hochschule München can provide its members with ISBNs for their publications if they wish. If you need an ISBN please contact the editorial team of the HM institutional repository .